Comment implémenter des Apex Triggers bulkifiés en Salesforce 2026

sf project generate -n AccountTriggerProject --manifest
cd AccountTriggerProject
sf config set target-org=your-dev-org-alias
sf project retrieve start --manifest package.xml --target-org=your-dev-org-alias

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Package xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">
    <types>
        <members>Account</members>
        <members>Opportunity</members>
        <name>CustomObject</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>AccountTrigger</members>
        <name>ApexTrigger</name>
    </types>
    <types>
        <members>AccountTriggerHandler</members>
        <members>AccountTriggerTest</members>
        <name>ApexClass</name>
    </types>
    <version>62.0</version>
</Package>

trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert, before update) {
    new AccountTriggerHandler().run();
}

public class AccountTriggerHandler {

    public void run() {
        if (Trigger.isInsert && Trigger.isBefore) {
            handleBeforeInsert();
        } else if (Trigger.isUpdate && Trigger.isBefore) {
            handleBeforeUpdate();
        }
    }

    private void handleBeforeInsert() {
        List<Account> newAccounts = (List<Account>) Trigger.new;
        Set<Id> accountIds = new Set<Id>();
        for (Account acc : newAccounts) {
            accountIds.add(acc.Id);
        }
        // Bulk: 1 SOQL pour tous
        List<Opportunity> opps = [SELECT Id, AccountId, StageName FROM Opportunity WHERE AccountId IN :accountIds];
        // Logique: set Stage to 'Prospecting' if new
        for (Opportunity opp : opps) {
            opp.StageName = 'Prospecting';
        }
        update opps; // Attention: recursive trigger guard needed in prod
    }

    private void handleBeforeUpdate() {
        // Similaire, mais compare old/new
        Map<Id, Account> oldMap = (Map<Id, Account>) Trigger.oldMap;
        List<Account> updatedAccounts = (List<Account>) Trigger.new;
        for (Account newAcc : updatedAccounts) {
            Account oldAcc = oldMap.get(newAcc.Id);
            if (newAcc.AnnualRevenue > oldAcc.AnnualRevenue * 1.2) {
                newAcc.Description = 'Revenue boosté de ' + (newAcc.AnnualRevenue - oldAcc.AnnualRevenue);
            }
        }
    }
}

@isTest
private class AccountTriggerTest {

    @TestSetup
    static void makeData() {
        Account acc = new Account(Name = 'Test Acc', AnnualRevenue = 100000);
        insert acc;
        Opportunity opp = new Opportunity(Name = 'Test Opp', AccountId = acc.Id, StageName = 'Closed Won', CloseDate = Date.today().addDays(30), Amount = 50000);
        insert opp;
    }

    @isTest
    static void testBeforeInsert() {
        Test.startTest();
        Account newAcc = new Account(Name = 'New Acc');
        insert newAcc;
        Test.stopTest();
        List<Opportunity> opps = [SELECT StageName FROM Opportunity WHERE AccountId = :newAcc.Id];
        System.assertEquals('Prospecting', opps[0].StageName, 'Stage doit être Prospecting');
    }

    @isTest
    static void testBeforeUpdate() {
        Account acc = [SELECT Id, AnnualRevenue FROM Account LIMIT 1];
        Test.startTest();
        acc.AnnualRevenue = 150000;
        update acc;
        Test.stopTest();
        acc = [SELECT Description FROM Account WHERE Id = :acc.Id];
        System.assert(acc.Description.contains('boosté'), 'Description doit indiquer boost');
    }

    @isTest
    static void testBulk() {
        List<Account> bulkAccounts = new List<Account>();
        for (Integer i = 0; i < 200; i++) {
            bulkAccounts.add(new Account(Name = 'Bulk ' + i));
        }
        Test.startTest();
        insert bulkAccounts;
        Test.stopTest();
        System.assertEquals(200, [SELECT COUNT() FROM Account WHERE Name LIKE 'Bulk%']);
    }
}

sf project deploy start --manifest package.xml --target-org=your-dev-org-alias --test-level RunSpecifiedTests --tests AccountTriggerTest