Comment déployer un subgraph The Graph en 2026

npm install -g @graphprotocol/graph-cli
yarn global add @graphprotocol/graph-cli
graph --version

mkdir erc20-subgraph && cd erc20-subgraph
graph init --studio erc20-subgraph
# Suivez les prompts :
# - Subgraph name: erc20-sepolia
# - Directory: .
# - Ethereum network: sepolia
# - Contract address: 0x1c7D4B196Cb0C7B01d743Fbc6116a902379C7238
# - Contract ABI: (copiez depuis Etherscan ou Alchemy)

type Transfer @entity {
  id: ID!
  from: Bytes! # adresse hex
  to: Bytes!
  value: BigInt!
  blockNumber: BigInt!
  blockTimestamp: BigInt!
  transactionHash: Bytes!
}

type Account @entity {
  id: ID!
  totalTransfers: BigInt!
  totalSent: BigInt!
  totalReceived: BigInt!
}

type Token @entity {
  id: ID!
  totalSupply: BigInt!
  totalTransfers: BigInt!
}

specVersion: 0.0.5
schema:
  file: ./schema.graphql

dataSources:
  - kind: ethereum/contract
    name: ERC20
    network: sepolia
    source:
      address: "0x1c7D4B196Cb0C7B01d743Fbc6116a902379C7238"
      abi: ERC20
      startBlock: 5000000 # bloc de déploiement approx.
    mapping:
      kind: ethereum/events
      apiVersion: 0.0.8
      language: wasm/assemblyscript
      entities:
        - Transfer
        - Account
        - Token
      abis:
        - name: ERC20
          file: ./abis/ERC20.json
      eventHandlers:
        - event: Transfer(indexed address,indexed address,uint256)
          handler: handleTransfer
      file: ./src/mapping.ts

import { Transfer as TransferEvent } from "../generated/ERC20/ERC20";
import { Transfer, Account, Token } from "../generated/schema";
import { Address, BigInt, log } from "@graphprotocol/graph-ts";

export function handleTransfer(event: TransferEvent): void {
  let transferId = event.transaction.hash.toHex() + "-" + event.logIndex.toString();
  let transfer = new Transfer(transferId);
  transfer.from = event.params.from.toHex();
  transfer.to = event.params.to.toHex();
  transfer.value = event.params.value;
  transfer.blockNumber = event.block.number;
  transfer.blockTimestamp = event.block.timestamp;
  transfer.transactionHash = event.transaction.hash;
  transfer.save();

  let tokenId = "current";
  let token = Token.load(tokenId);
  if (token == null) {
    token = new Token(tokenId);
    token.totalSupply = BigInt.fromI32(0);
  }
  token.totalTransfers = token.totalTransfers.plus(BigInt.fromI32(1));
  token.save();

  let fromId = event.params.from.toHex();
  let fromAccount = Account.load(fromId);
  if (fromAccount == null) {
    fromAccount = new Account(fromId);
    fromAccount.totalSent = BigInt.fromI32(0);
    fromAccount.totalReceived = BigInt.fromI32(0);
    fromAccount.totalTransfers = BigInt.fromI32(0);
  }
  fromAccount.totalSent = fromAccount.totalSent.plus(event.params.value);
  fromAccount.totalTransfers = fromAccount.totalTransfers.plus(BigInt.fromI32(1));
  fromAccount.save();

  let toId = event.params.to.toHex();
  let toAccount = Account.load(toId);
  if (toAccount == null) {
    toAccount = new Account(toId);
    toAccount.totalSent = BigInt.fromI32(0);
    toAccount.totalReceived = BigInt.fromI32(0);
    toAccount.totalTransfers = BigInt.fromI32(0);
  }
  toAccount.totalReceived = toAccount.totalReceived.plus(event.params.value);
  toAccount.totalTransfers = toAccount.totalTransfers.plus(BigInt.fromI32(1));
  toAccount.save();
}

graph codegen
graph build
ls generated/ # vérifiez erc20/ERC20.ts

version: '3.6'
services:
  postgres:
    image: postgres
    environment:
      POSTGRES_DB: subgraph
      POSTGRES_USER: subgraph
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: subgraph
    ports:
      - "5432:5432"
  graph-node:
    image: semaphoreui/graph-node:v0.38.0
    depends_on: [postgres]
    environment:
      postgres_host: postgres
      postgres_db: subgraph
      postgres_user: subgraph
      postgres_pass: subgraph
      ethereum: sepolia https://eth-sepolia.g.alchemy.com/v2/VOTRE_CLE_API
      GRAPH_LOG: info
    ports:
      - "8020:8020"
      - "8000:8000"
      - "8001:8001"
  indexer-agent:
    image: semaphoreui/indexer-agent:v0.6.0
    depends_on: [graph-node]
    environment:
      GRAPH_NODE: http://graph-node:8020
      INDEXER: http://indexer:80

docker-compose up -d
graph create-local --node http://localhost:8020/ erc20-sepolia
graph deploy --version-label v0.1.0 --node http://localhost:8020/ --ipfs http://localhost:5001 erc20-sepolia

# Query playground
curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' --data '{"query": "{ transfers(first:5, orderBy: blockTimestamp, orderDirection: desc) { id from to value } }"}' http://localhost:8000/subgraphs/name/erc20-sepolia

graph auth --studio VOTRE_ACCESS_TOKEN
# Obtenez-le sur thegraph.com/studio

graph subgraph create --studio erc20-sepolia
graph deploy --studio erc20-sepolia

# Endpoint: https://api.studio.thegraph.com/query/XXXXXX/erc20-sepolia/v0.1.0