Comment créer un bot Microsoft Teams avec Node.js en 2026

mkdir teams-bot && cd teams-bot
npm init -y
npm install botbuilder restify dotenv @microsoft/teamsfx-cli
npm install -D @types/node @types/restify typescript ts-node
npx tsc --init
npm install -g @microsoft/teamsfx-cli

MICROSOFT_APP_ID=votre_app_id_azure
MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD=votre_app_password
BOT_ID=votre_app_id_azure
BOT_PASSWORD=votre_app_password
PORT=3978

import * as restify from 'restify';
import { BotFrameworkAdapter, MemoryStorage, ConversationState, UserState } from 'botbuilder';
import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';
import { TeamsActivityHandler, TeamsInfo, CardFactory, MessageFactory, AttachmentLayoutTypes } from 'botbuilder';

dotenv.config();

const server = restify.createServer();
server.use(restify.plugins.bodyParser());

const adapter = new BotFrameworkAdapter({
  appId: process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_ID,
  appPassword: process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD
});

const memoryStorage = new MemoryStorage();
const conversationState = new ConversationState(memoryStorage);
const userState = new UserState(memoryStorage);

class TeamsBot extends TeamsActivityHandler {
  constructor(conversationState: ConversationState, userState: UserState) {
    super();
    this.onMessage(async (context, next) => {
      const text = context.activity.text;
      if (text.includes('/help')) {
        const card = CardFactory.adaptiveCard({
          type: 'AdaptiveCard',
          version: '1.5',
          body: [{ type: 'TextBlock', text: 'Bot echo: répète vos messages ! /help pour aide.' }]
        });
        await context.sendActivity(MessageFactory.attachment(card));
      } else {
        await context.sendActivity(`Echo: ${text}`);
      }
      await next();
    });

    this.onMembersAdded(async (context, next) => {
      const membersAdded = context.activity.membersAdded;
      const welcomeText = 'Bonjour ! Tapez /help pour commencer.';
      for (let cnt = 0; cnt < membersAdded.length; ++cnt) {
        if (membersAdded[cnt].id !== context.activity.recipient.id) {
          await context.sendActivity(MessageFactory.text(welcomeText));
        }
      }
      await next();
    });
  }
}

const bot = new TeamsBot(conversationState, userState);

adapter.onTurnError = async (context, error) => {
  console.error(`\n [onTurnError]: ${error}`);
  await context.sendTraceActivity(
    'OnTurnError Trace',
    `${error}`,
    'https://www.botframework.com/schemas/error',
    'TurnError'
  );
  await context.sendActivity('Désolé, une erreur est survenue.');
};

server.post('/api/messages', (req, res) => {
  adapter.processActivity(req, res, async (context) => {
    await bot.run(context);
  });
});

server.listen(process.env.PORT || 3978, () => {
  console.log(`\nServer up at: http://localhost:${process.env.PORT || 3978}`);
});

{
  "$schema": "https://developer.microsoft.com/json-schemas/teams/v1.16/MicrosoftTeams.schema.json",
  "manifestVersion": "1.16",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "id": "votre_app_id_azure",
  "packageName": "com.monbot.teamsbot2026",
  "developer": {
    "name": "Learni Dev",
    "websiteUrl": "https://learni-group.com",
    "privacyUrl": "https://privacy.example.com",
    "termsOfUseUrl": "https://terms.example.com"
  },
  "icons": {
    "color": "color.png",
    "outline": "outline.png"
  },
  "name": {
    "short": "Bot Echo 2026",
    "full": "Bot Microsoft Teams Echo Avancé"
  },
  "description": {
    "short": "Bot qui écho vos messages",
    "full": "null"
  },
  "accentColor": "#FFFFFF",
  "bots": [
    {
      "botId": "votre_app_id_azure",
      "scopes": ["personal", "team", "groupchat"],
      "supportsFiles": false,
      "isNotificationOnly": false,
      "supportsCalling": false,
      "supportsVideo": false
    }
  ],
  "permissions": ["identity", "messageTeamMembers"],
  "validDomains": ["token.botframework.com", "votre-ngrok.ngrok.io"]
}

git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial bot"

# Via Azure CLI (az login d'abord)
az group create --name rg-teamsbot --location westeurope
az appservice plan create --name plan-teamsbot --resource-group rg-teamsbot --sku B1 --is-linux
az webapp create --resource-group rg-teamsbot --plan plan-teamsbot --name monteamsbot2026 --runtime "NODE|20-lts"

# Déployer
az webapp deployment source config-local-git --name monteamsbot2026 --resource-group rg-teamsbot

# Mettre à jour endpoint Azure Bot
az bot channel update-teams --name MonBotAzure --resource-group rg-teamsbot --endpoint https://monteamsbot2026.azurewebsites.net/api/messages