Comment créer un bot avancé pour Microsoft Teams en 2026

npx @microsoft/teamsapp@latest create --type bot
cd teams-bot
npm install
npm install @azure/msal-node @microsoft/microsoft-graph-client
npm install adaptivecards
npm run dev

import {
  Application,
  DefaultAzureCredential,
  TeamsActivityHandler,
  MessageFactory,
  CardFactory,
  TurnContext,
  teamsGetChannelId
} from 'botbuilder';
import { MicrosoftGraphClient } from '@microsoft/microsoft-graph-client';
import * as msal from '@azure/msal-node';
import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';

dotenv.config();

const appId = process.env.MicrosoftAppId!;
const appPassword = process.env.MicrosoftAppPassword!;

class TeamsBot extends TeamsActivityHandler {
  constructor() {
    super();
    this.onMessage(async (context, next) => {
      const channelId = teamsGetChannelId(context.activity);
      await context.sendActivity(MessageFactory.text(`Salut dans le canal ${channelId}! Tape 'graph' pour tester Graph API.`));
      await next();
    });

    this.onMembersAdded(async (context, next) => {
      await context.sendActivity(MessageFactory.text('Bot avancé Teams prêt!'));
      await next();
    });
  }

  async getGraphClient(context: TurnContext) {
    const tokenResponse = await this.getToken(context);
    const graphClient = MicrosoftGraphClient.init({
      authProvider: {
        getAccessToken: () => Promise.resolve(tokenResponse.token)
      }
    });
    return graphClient;
  }
}

export default {
  async run() {
    const app = new Application({
      credential: new DefaultAzureCredential(),
      endpoints: { messagingEndpoint: process.env.MessagingEndpoint! },
    });
    app.addHandler(new TeamsBot());

    const port = process.env.port || process.env.PORT || 3978;
    app.listen(port, () => {
      console.log(`Bot listening on ${port}`);
    });
  }
};

import { CardFactory, ActionTypes, CardAction, Attachment } from 'botbuilder';

export function createTaskCard(taskName: string): Attachment {
  return CardFactory.adaptiveCard({
    type: 'AdaptiveCard',
    version: '1.5',
    body: [
      {
        type: 'TextBlock',
        text: `Tâche urgente: **${taskName}**`,
        weight: 'Bolder',
        size: 'Large'
      },
      {
        type: 'Input.Text',
        id: 'comment',
        placeholder: 'Ajoutez un commentaire'
      }
    ],
    actions: [
      {
        type: 'Action.Submit',
        title: 'Valider',
        data: { action: 'submitTask' }
      },
      {
        type: 'Action.ShowCard',
        title: 'Détails',
        card: {
          type: 'AdaptiveCard',
          body: [{ type: 'TextBlock', text: 'Détails avancés...' }]
        }
      }
    ]
  });
}

{
  "$schema": "https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/json-schemas/teams/v1.16/MicrosoftTeams.schema.json",
  "manifestVersion": "1.16",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "id": "com.example.teamsbot",
  "packageName": "com.example.teamsbot",
  "developer": {
    "name": "Learni Dev",
    "websiteUrl": "https://learni-group.com",
    "privacyUrl": "https://privacy.example.com",
    "termsOfUseUrl": "https://terms.example.com"
  },
  "icons": {
    "color": "color.png",
    "outline": "outline.png"
  },
  "name": {
    "short": "Bot Avancé Teams",
    "full": "Bot personnalisé avec Graph et Cards"
  },
  "description": {
    "short": "Bot avancé",
    "full": "Gère tâches et Graph API"
  },
  "accentColor": "#FFFFFF",
  "bots": [
    {
      "botId": "YOUR_APP_ID",
      "scopes": ["personal", "team", "groupchat"],
      "supportsFiles": false,
      "isNotificationOnly": false,
      "supportsCalling": false,
      "supportsVideo": false
    }
  ],
  "permissions": ["identity", "messageTeamMembers"],
  "validDomains": ["token.botframework.com", "graph.microsoft.com"]
}

import { TurnContext } from 'botbuilder';
import { Client } from '@azure/msal-node';

const msalConfig = {
  auth: {
    clientId: process.env.MicrosoftAppId!,
    authority: 'https://login.microsoftonline.com/common',
    clientSecret: process.env.MicrosoftAppPassword!
  }
};

const cca = new Client(msalConfig);

export async function getToken(context: TurnContext): Promise<any> {
  const conversationRef = TurnContext.getConversationReference(context.activity);
  const ticket = await context.adapter.getUserToken(context, 'YOUR_MAGIC_CODE');
  if (ticket) {
    return ticket;
  }
  await context.adapter.signOutUser(context, 'YOUR_MAGIC_CODE', '/.auth/web/redirect');
  return null;
}

npm run build
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial bot"

# Azure CLI
az login
az bots registration create --name MyTeamsBot --resource-group MyRG --sku S1 --microsoft-app-id $MicrosoftAppId --microsoft-app-password $MicrosoftAppPassword --endpoint $MessagingEndpoint

# Deploy via Teams Toolkit
npx @microsoft/teamsapp@latest provision
npx @microsoft/teamsapp@latest deploy

# Ou Azure App Service
az webapp up --name myteamsbot --resource-group MyRG --runtime "NODE|20-lts"