Comment créer un bot avancé pour Microsoft Teams en 2026

mkdir teams-bot-avance
cd teams-bot-avance
npm init -y
npm install @microsoft/botframework-sdk@4.21.2 restify@11.1.0 dotenv@16.4.5 @azure/identity@4.2.1 @microsoft/microsoft-graph-client@3.0.7 typescript@5.6.2 @types/node@22.7.4 @types/restify@8.5.10 ts-node@10.9.2
npm install -D nodemon
npx tsc --init

az login
az account set --subscription "Votre Subscription ID"
az bot create --name "teams-bot-avance" --resource-group "rg-teams-bot" --kind bot --sku S1 --location westeurope --endpoint "https://teams-bot-avance.azurewebsites.net/api/messages" --microsoft-app-id "votre-app-id"

MICROSOFT_APP_ID=votre-app-id
MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD=votre-client-secret
TENANT_ID=votre-tenant-id
BOT_ENDPOINT=https://teams-bot-avance.azurewebsites.net/api/messages
GRAPH_SCOPE=https://graph.microsoft.com/.default

import * as restify from 'restify';
import { BotFrameworkAdapter, MemoryStorage, ConversationState, UserState } from 'botbuilder';
import { Client } from '@microsoft/microsoft-graph-client';
import { ClientSecretCredential } from '@azure/identity';
import * as dotenv from 'dotenv';

dotenv.config();

const adapter = new BotFrameworkAdapter({
  appId: process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_ID!,
  appPassword: process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD!
});

const storage = new MemoryStorage();
const conversationState = new ConversationState(storage);
const userState = new UserState(storage);

const server = restify.createServer();
server.listen(process.env.port || process.env.PORT || 3978, () => {
  console.log(`${server.name} listening to ${server.url}`);
});

server.post('/api/messages', (req, res) => {
  adapter.processActivity(req, res, async (context) => {
    if (context.activity.type === 'message') {
      const text = context.activity.text?.toLowerCase();
      if (text === 'list channels') {
        await sendChannelsList(context);
      } else {
        await context.sendActivity(`Echo: ${context.activity.text}`);
      }
    }
  });
});

async function sendChannelsList(context: any) {
  const tenantId = process.env.TENANT_ID!;
  const clientId = process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_ID!;
  const clientSecret = process.env.MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD!;
  const credential = new ClientSecretCredential(tenantId, clientId, clientSecret);
  const graphClient = Client.initWithMiddleware({ authProvider: { getAccessToken: () => credential.getToken('https://graph.microsoft.com/.default') } });

  try {
    // Récup teamId et channelId depuis activity (simplifié pour demo)
    const teamId = 'votre-team-id'; // À adapter dynamiquement via context
    const channels = await graphClient.api(`/teams/${teamId}/channels`).get();
    await context.sendActivity(`Canaux: ${channels.value.map((c: any) => c.displayName).join(', ')}`);
  } catch (error) {
    await context.sendActivity('Erreur Graph: ' + (error as Error).message);
  }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<TeamAppManifest xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/Office/2018/03/addins" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <ID>votre-app-id</ID>
  <Version>1.0.0</Version>
  <Name>Bot Avancé Teams</Name>
  <Description>Bot avec Graph pour gestion équipes</Description>
  <Developer>
    <Name>Votre Entreprise</Name>
    <Website>https://learni-group.com</Website>
  </Developer>
  <Icons>
    <Color>color.png</Color>
    <Outline>outline.png</Outline>
  </Icons>
  <Bots>
    <Bot Id="votre-app-id" Scopes="team personal">
      <SupportsFiles>Select false;Open false</SupportsFiles>
      <IsNotificationOnly false Commands="[]" />
      <SupportsCalling false />
      <SupportsVideo false />
    </Bot>
  </Bots>
  <ValidDomains>
    <Domain>token.botframework.com</Domain>
    <Domain>graph.microsoft.com</Domain>
  </ValidDomains>
  <WebApplicationInfo>
    <Id>votre-app-id</Id>
    <Resource>https://Rsc.pivot</Resource>
  </WebApplicationInfo>
</TeamAppManifest>

npm run build
az webapp up --name teams-bot-avance --resource-group rg-teams-bot --runtime "NODE|20-lts" --env-vars MICROSOFT_APP_ID=$MICROSOFT_APP_ID MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD=$MICROSOFT_APP_PASSWORD TENANT_ID=$TENANT_ID
az bot authsetting appsetting set --name teams-bot-avance --resource-group rg-teams-bot --settings MicrosoftAppId=votre-app-id MicrosoftAppPassword=votre-secret

{
  "name": "teams-bot-avance",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "scripts": {
    "build": "tsc",
    "dev": "nodemon --exec ts-node src/bot.ts",
    "start": "node dist/bot.js"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "@azure/identity": "^4.2.1",
    "@microsoft/botframework-sdk": "^4.21.2",
    "@microsoft/microsoft-graph-client": "^3.0.7",
    "dotenv": "^16.4.5",
    "restify": "^11.1.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/node": "^22.7.4",
    "@types/restify": "^8.5.10",
    "nodemon": "^3.1.7",
    "ts-node": "^10.9.2",
    "typescript": "^5.6.2"
  }
}